BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SOYBEAN

Abstract

One of the main problems of agriculture in Uzbekistan is the lack of plant protein in human nutrition and the feeding of farm animals. This problem can be solved by multiplying the seeds of legumes and, first of all, soybeans, which are the most important protein-oil crops. The reason why soy is grown in large areas in different countries is that its grain and green mass are nutritious and can be used in food, fodder, technical and medical fields. Depending on the navigation and growing conditions of the soybean, its grain contains 30- 48% protein and 17-26% fat. Soybeans contain 20-25% of carbohydrates, 4-5% of ash elements (including calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, iodine, molybdenum, etc.), vitamins (E, V1, V2, V6, pantothenic acid, choline, folate, biotin and b.) occur. More than a thousand products are obtained from the soybean. Soy is one of the main crops in the production of feed protein, oil, sorghum, mixed fodder [1,2]. Obtaining high and high-quality soybeans requires solving complex problems. The main thing is to develop regional agrotechnical soybean cultivation and select soybean varieties suitable for specific soil and climatic conditions. This, in turn, requires determining the biological characteristics of soybean varieties and taking into account the soil-climatic characteristics of a particular region. Lack of knowledge of the biological characteristics of soybean varieties leads to incorrect timing of planting and agro-technical measures, which ultimately leads to a sharp decline in crop yields