СОПОСТАВИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ТИПОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ ИЗОЛИРУЮЩИХ И ФЛЕКТИВНЫХ ЯЗЫКОВ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ КИТАЙСКОГО И АРАБСКОГО ЯЗЫКАХ)

Abstract

This article provides a comparative analysis of the typological features of isolating and inflectional languages. The analysis is carried out on the basis of the study of the distinctive aspects of two different-structured languages: Chinese and Arabic. To identify the characteristic aspects of one type or another, the theoretical basis for the typological classification of languages was used. As a result of the performed analysis, we concluded that, in contrast to inflectional languages, in isolating languages, values smaller than a word (with the exception of affixes) practically cannot be deduced from the composition of words. In these languages, after extracting a morpheme (root or stem) from a polymorphic word, it immediately becomes practically indistinguishable from the word and suitable for independent use. And in inflectional languages, in particular in Arabic and English, the roots of the word change morphologically, and sometimes they can even get lost in other forms.